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  • Portrait of a grey heron (Ardea cinerea), photographed in Kanagawa Prefecture, Japan
    grey-heron-ardea-cinerea-japan-20170...tif
  • Portrait of a grey heron (Ardea cinerea), with the bird’s protective nictitating membrane clearly visible over its eye. Photographed in Kanagawa Prefecture, Japan.
    grey-heron-nictitating-membrane-arde...tif
  • This is a Gaetice depressus pebble crab foraging in shallow water at night. Photographed in Kanagawa Prefecture, Japan.
    gaetice-depressus-pebble-crab-2023-0...tif
  • Portrait of a grey heron (Ardea cinerea), photographed in Kanagawa Prefecture, Japan
    grey-heron-ardea-cinerea-japan-20170...tif
  • This is a hairchin goby (Sagamia geneionema) male standing guard in front of a clutch of developing eggs. Females deposit eggs in narrow crevices and under rocks, leaving males to care for the eggs until they hatch. Mature fish of this species die after spawning, meaning one generation per year. Native to coastal waters of Japan and Korea. Photographed in Kanagawa Prefecture, Japan.
    sagamia-geneionema-goby-protecting-e...tif
  • This is a calico frogfish (Fowlerichthys scriptissimus) with a zebra-striped pattern. This body pattern is relatively rare compared to the more common mottled pattern. This species usually lives in waters 70m and deeper. The fish appears in shallower sometimes during winter months, perhaps for reproductive purposes. Photographed in Kanagawa Prefecture, Japan.
    fowlerichthys-scriptissimus-calico-f...tif
  • This is a head-on view of a Neoclinus lacunicola chaenopsid blenny, a species that can be found in shallow waters of the northwest Pacific. The species reaches a maximum length of about 6cm. The Japanese name for this fish is iwa-ana-kokeginpo. Photographed at a magnification of two times life-size.
    neoclinus-lacunicola-chaenopsid-blen...tif
  • This is a male Neoclinus bryope chaenopsid blenny, active during the winter reproductive season. This species is known as koke-ginpo in Japanese.
    neoclinus-bryope-blenny-male-reprodu...tif
  • Male tufted duck (Aythya fuligula) with his characteristic tuft clearly on display
    tufted-duck-male-aythya-fuligula-jap...tif
  • This is a female whitespotted pygmy filefish (Rudarius ercodes) tending to a clutch of eggs that she has deposited on a rope. Development of this species is rapid, with the juveniles hatching in approximately three days.
    rudarius-ercodes-tending-eggs-whites...tif
  • Juvenile painted frogfish (Antennarius pictus), about 3cm in length
    antennarius-pictus-painted-frogfish-...tif
  • This is a Shiho’s seahorse (Hippocampus sindonis), a species that is endemic to Northwest Pacific coastal waters of Japan and southern Korea. The Japanese name is hanatatsu.
    hippocampus-sindonis-seahorse-japan-...tif
  • This male Neoclinus bryope blenny has an unusual dorsal fin with two prominent blue spots. Most individuals of this species have one spot. Photographed at a magnification of two times life-size.
    neoclinus-bryope-blenny-unusual-dors...tif
  • Close-up profile of a male Neoclinus bryope chaenopsid blenny during the winter breeding season. This species is known as koke-ginpo in Japanese. Photographed at a magnification of two times life-size.
    neoclinus-bryope-blenny-japan-202101...tif
  • This is a female whitespotted pygmy filefish (Rudarius ercodes) tending to a clutch of eggs that she has deposited on a cluster of bryozoans that have grown on the branches of a dead tree lodged in the substrate. Development of this species is rapid, with the juveniles hatching in approximately three days.
    rudarius-ercodes-tending-eggs-whites...tif
  • Depicted here is spawning of grass puffers (Takifugu niphobles), a small species of pufferfish native to the northwest Pacific. The female in the foreground has just released yellow eggs. The male in the background is fertilizing the eggs. This species has the unusual habit of spawning on land during high tide at certain times of the year, as shown here.
    takifugu-niphobles-grass-puffer-spaw...tif
  • This is a species of clingfish (Aspasma minima) that is found in the northwest Pacific. This individual was one of a pair that was living on a large growth of brown algae (Ecklonia cava). As can be seen here, the fish is capable of turning its eyes to look directly overhead.
    aspasma-minima-clingfish-japan-20210...tif
  • This is a pair of Pair of Aspasma minima clingfish hiding underneath part of a large growth of Ecklonia cava brown algae. This species is found in the northwest Pacific.
    aspasma-minima-clingfish-pair-japan-...tif
  • Pictured here are four newly hatched lumpsucker (Eumicrotremus awae) juveniles, around 2mm to 3mm in size, about the size of a sesame seed. These baby fish stayed together for a brief time, hidden among intricate folds of red algae (Pugetia japonica), before dispersing around the reef. Known as dango-uo in Japanese, these fish are found along the Pacific coast of the main island of Honshu.
    eumicrotremus-awae-juvenile-lumpsuck...tif
  • This is a U-mark sandperch (Parapercis snyderi) poised on top of delicate folds of brown algae Colpomenia sinuosa.
    parapercis-snyderi-u-mark-sandperch-...tif
  • This is a pair of leopard anemone shrimp (Izucaris masudai) on their host Nemanthus sp. anemone. The larger of the two is the female. First described in Japan in 1999, this species is called ayatori-kakure-ebi in Japanese..
    izucaris-masudai-leopard-anemone-shr...tif
  • Portrait of a Neoclinus bryope blenny peeking out from its hole in the reef, with emphasis on eye contact. Photographed at a magnfication of two times life-size.
    neocllinus-bryope-blenny-eye-contact...tif
  • This is a male Neoclinus bryope chaenopsid blenny with his mouth wide open. This species is called koke-ginpo in Japanese.
    neoclinus-bryope-blenny-mouth-open-j...tif
  • This is a male Neoclinus bryope chaenopsid blenny active during the winter reproductive season. This species is known as koke-ginpo in Japanese.
    neoclinus-bryope-blenny-male-reprodu...tif
  • Pair of tufted ducks (Aythya fuligula), male in front, female in the background.
    tufted-ducks-aythya-fuligula-japan-2...tif
  • Red-eared slider turtles (Trachemys scripta elegans) photographed in Japan. This is an invasive species that is native to the United States and Mexico. This species was likely introduced to Japan through the pet trade and has become well established throughout the country.
    red-eared-slider-trachemys-scripta-e...tif
  • This is a newly hatched juvenile Eumicrotremus awae lumpsucker, a species found along the Pacific coast of Japan's main island of Honshu. The fish is 2mm to 3mm in size, perched on brown algae (Lessoniaceae). The white ring pattern is characteristic of juveniles, disappearing as the juvenile takes on permanent coloration. This one has already begun to adopt an orange-red hue.
    eumicrotremus-awae-juvenile-lumpsuck...tif
  • This is a bastard seahorse (Acentronura gracilissima), a species of pygmy pipehorse that occurs in coastal waters down to a depth of about 40m. The individual pictured here was at a depth of 6m, clinging to seagrass with its prehensile tail.
    acentronura-gracilissima-bastard-sea...tif
  • This is a juvenile spiny red gurnard (Chelidonichthys spinosus), a species of searobin that is native to the northwest Pacific. This juvenile fish was about 1.5cm in length. Photographed at a magnification of two times life-size.
    chelidonichthys-spinosus-spiny-red-g...tif
  • This is a male Neoclinus bryope chaenopsid blenny emerging from his dwelling in the reef with his mouth wide open. This species is called koke-ginpo in Japanese. Photographed at a magnification of two times life-size.
    neoclinus-bryope-blenny-open-mouth-j...tif
  • A sabretooth blenny (Petroscirtes breviceps) relaxing among delicate folds of brown algae Colpomenia sinuosa
    petroscirtes-breviceps-blenny-colpom...tif
  • Male common pochard (Aythya ferina)
    common-pochard-male-aythya-ferina-ja...tif
  • This is a juvenile Eumicrotremus awae lumpsucker, about 5mm in size, pictured a few days after birth. These fish are known as dango-uo in Japanese. The juveniles are popular with scuba divers.
    eumicrotremus-awae-juvenile-japan-20...tif
  • This is an egg mass of a polychaete worm in the family Lumbrineridae. A large number of these appeared overnight one prior to full moon. The egg mass measures about 1.5cm.
    lumbrineridae-polychaete-worm-eggs-j...tif
  • This is an egg mass of a polychaete worm in the family Lumbrineridae. A large number of these appeared overnight one prior to full moon. The egg mass measures about 1.5cm.
    lumbrineridae-polychaete-worm-eggs-j...tif
  • This is a Pacific deer cowry (Lyncina vitellus) with eggs.
    lyncina-vitellus-with-eggs-pacific-d...tif
  • This is a male crowned seahorse (Hippocampus coronatus) carrying a pouch full of developing juveniles that are almost ready to emerge. The seahorse is nestled in Codium cylindrical Holmes seaweed. This species lives in the northwest Pacific, endemic to Japan.
    hippocampus-coronatus-male-pregnant-...tif
  • This is a female whitespotted pygmy filefish (Rudarius ercodes) tending to a clutch of eggs that she has deposited on a cluster of bryozoans that have grown on the branches of a dead tree lodged in the substrate. Development of this species is rapid, with the juveniles hatching in approximately three days.
    rudarius-ercodes-tending-eggs-whites...tif
  • This is a pair of Priolepis latifascima gobies, male and female that have paired up for breeding season. This species is native to the Northwest Pacific in coastal waters around Japan and Taiwan.
    priolepis-latifascima-gobies-japan-2...tif
  • Depicted here is the chaos of group spawning of grass puffers (Takifugu niphobles) rushing onto a beach. This species has the unusual habit of spawning on land. When larger females beach themselves to lay eggs, males follow to fertilize. The fish rely on waves to take them ashore and return them to the ocean. Native to the northwest Pacific, grass puffers are the only pufferfish known to spawn onshore.
    takifugu-niphobles-grass-puffer-spaw...tif
  • Depicted here is spawning of grass puffers (Takifugu niphobles), a small species of pufferfish native to the northwest Pacific. The large female on the right has released eggs and a male has fertilized. There is a smaller male visible trying to flip into position to fertilize as well. This species has the unusual habit of spawning on land. At certain times of the year, large numbers in shallow water at high tide. When larger females beach themselves to lay eggs, males follow to fertilize. The fish rely on waves to take them ashore and return them to the ocean. This is the only puffer species known to do this.
    takifugu-niphobles-grass-puffer-spaw...tif
  • Depicted here is spawning of grass puffers (Takifugu niphobles), a small species of pufferfish native to the northwest Pacific. This species has the unusual habit of spawning on land. At certain times of the year, large numbers in shallow water at high tide. When larger females beach themselves to lay eggs, males follow to fertilize. The fish rely on waves to take them ashore and return them to the ocean. This is the only puffer species known to do this.
    takifugu-niphobles-grass-puffer-spaw...tif
  • Depicted here is the chaos of spawning of grass puffers (Takifugu niphobles) rushing onto a beach, female in the middle. This species has the unusual habit of spawning on land. At certain times of the year, large numbers in shallow water at high tide. When larger females beach themselves to lay eggs, males follow to fertilize. The fish rely on waves to take them ashore and return them to the ocean. Native to the northwest Pacific, grass puffers are the only pufferfish known to spawn onshore.
    takifugu-niphobles-grass-puffer-spaw...tif
  • Shown here are two grass puffers (Takifugu niphobles), a small species of pufferfish native to the northwest Pacific, riding a wave onto shore for the purpose of group spawning. This species has the unusual habit of spawning on land. At certain times of the year, large numbers in shallow water at high tide. When larger females beach themselves to lay eggs, males follow to fertilize. The fish rely on waves to take them ashore and return them to the ocean. This is the only puffer species known to do this.
    takifugu-niphobles-grass-puffer-spaw...tif
  • This is a newly hatched juvenile Eumicrotremus awae lumpsucker, a species found along the Pacific coast of Japan's main island of Honshu. The fish is 2mm to 3mm in size, perched on brown algae (Lessoniaceae). The juveniles retain this distinct pattern with white rings for a brief time, eventually taking on solid coloration that varies from brown and red to green, pink and other hues.
    eumicrotremus-awae-juvenile-lumpsuck...tif
  • This is a newly hatched lumpsucker (Eumicrotremus awae), 2mm to 3mm in size, about the size of a sesame seed. The fish is perched on a species of red algae, possibly Polypes sp. Known as dango-uo in Japanese, these fish are found along the Pacific coast of the main island of Honshu.
    eumicrotremus-awae-juvenile-lumpsuck...tif
  • This is a well-camouflaged Yatabe blenny (Parablennius yatabei), about 9cm in length. Called Iso-Ginpo in Japanese, This species has been documented in coastal waters of Japan, Korea, Taiwan and Vietnam.
    parablennius-yatabei-yatabe-blenny-j...tif
  • This rose petal bubble shell (Hydatina physis) is gathering and arranging freshly secreted eggs on its mantle, prior to attaching the completed egg mass to the sand with a mucous thread. After this is complete, the gastropod burrows back into substrate and disappears.
    hydatina-physis-with-eggs-rose-petal...tif
  • This is a female East Asian common octopus (Octopus sinensis) protecting a clutch of eggs during the winter, which is not the usual time of year for this species to brood eggs. Reproductive activity is most common during the summer months. This female was eventually successful. Some eggs started to hatch after 62 days, running until 76 days. Hatching during the normal season requires only a few days.
    octopus-sinensis-east-asian-common-o...tif
  • Portrait of a Neoclinus bryope blenny peeking out from its hole in the reef, photographed at a magnification of two times life-size
    neoclinus-bryope-blenny-portrait-jap...tif
  • This is a male Neoclinus bryope chaenopsid blenny with his mouth open. The internal structure of the fish’s eye is visible in this photo. This species is called koke-ginpo in Japanese. Photographed at a magnification of two times life-size.
    neoclinus-bryope-blenny-eye-structur...tif
  • This is a male Neoclinus bryope chaenopsid blenny that has just closed his mouth, resulting in an amusing frown-like expression. This species is called koke-ginpo in Japanese. Photographed at a magnification of two times life-size.
    neoclinus-bryope-blenny-funny-face-j...tif
  • Pictured here are three male Neoclinus bryope blennies. They are engaged in a stand-off during the reproductive season. As is apparent in this photo, the blennies are able to adjust their coloration to fit the situation and their surroundings. When these blennies emerge fully from the protection of their holes in the reef, they often become drab and bland in color as seen here, perhaps to blend-in with the background. The color of their distinctive dorsal fin spots also seems capable of shifting in hue.
    neoclinus-bryope-blennies-engaged-in...tif
  • This is a male Neoclinus bryope chaenopsid blenny that has emerged from his dwelling in the reef to scan the water for passing prey. This species is called koke-ginpo in Japanese.
    neoclinus-bryope-blenny-male-japan-2...tif
  • This male Neoclinus bryope blenny has an unusual dorsal fin with multiple blue spots. In this location, most individuals of this species have one spot. A few have two. This one has four large spots and a number of smaller ones, a nice example of genetic variation.
    neoclinus-bryope-blenny-unique-dorsa...tif
  • This male Neoclinus bryope blenny has just darted out from its hole to grab a tiny crustacean, which can be seen swimming in front of the blenny. The fish's eyes are focused on its prey.
    neoclinus-bryope-blenny-male-hunting...tif
  • This is a well-camouflaged male Neoclinus bryope chaenopsid blenny peeking out from the safety of his hole in the reef, on the lookout for eligible females during the winter reproductive season. This species is known as koke-ginpo in Japanese.
    neoclinus-bryope-blenny-male-reprodu...tif
  • This is an East Asian common octopus (Octopus sinensis), known as madako in Japanese. This one was positioned confidently at the entrance to a hole in the reef.
    octopus-sinensis-east-asian-common-o...tif
  • A minor worker of a Japanese black carpenter ant (Camponotus japonicus) tending to scale insects (Superfamily Coccoidea). The ant is eating honeydew secreted by the scale insects.
    japanese-carpenter-ant-camponotus-ja...tif
  • Female tufted duck (Aythya fuligula)
    tufted-duck-female-aythya-fuligula-j...tif
  • Female tufted duck (Aythya fuligula) flapping her wings after diving underwater
    tufted-duck-aythya-fuligula-female-j...tif
  • Grey heron (Ardea cinerea) wading among water lilies (Nymphaea sp.) to forage for food
    grey-heron-ardea-cinerea-water-lilie...tif
  • Priolepis latifascima gobies often perch on the underside of crevices and overhangs. This one has just darted out from the ceiling of the dark crevice in the background for a split-second. This species is native to the Northwest Pacific in coastal waters around Japan and Taiwan.
    priolepis-latifascima-goby-japan-202...tif
  • Depicted here is the chaos of spawning of grass puffers (Takifugu niphobles) rushing onto a beach, female in the middle. This species has the unusual habit of spawning on land. At certain times of the year, large numbers in shallow water at high tide. When larger females beach themselves to lay eggs, males follow to fertilize. The fish rely on waves to take them ashore and return them to the ocean. Native to the northwest Pacific, grass puffers are the only pufferfish known to spawn onshore.
    takifugu-niphobles-grass-puffer-spaw...tif
  • This is a newly hatched juvenile Eumicrotremus awae lumpsucker, a species found along the Pacific coast of Japan's main island of Honshu. The fish is 2mm to 3mm in size, perched on brown algae (Lessoniaceae). The white ring pattern is characteristic of juveniles, disappearing as the juvenile takes on permanent coloration. This one has already begun to adopt a greenish hue.
    eumicrotremus-awae-juvenile-lumpsuck...tif
  • This is a species of clingfish (Aspasma minima) that is found in the northwest Pacific. This individual with its mouth open was one of a pair that was living on a large growth of brown algae (Ecklonia cava).
    aspasma-minima-clingfish-mouth-open-...tif
  • This rose petal bubble shell (Hydatina physis) is burrowing back into the substrate after having emerged to produce the eggs pictured here. This marine snail gathers and arranges its eggs on its mantle before attaching the completed mass to the sand with a mucous thread.
    hydatina-physis-with-eggs-rose-petal...tif
  • This is a yellow striated frogfish (Antennarius striatus) that was well camouflaged on a shallow reef in the temperate waters of Japan. Blending-in perfectly with the texture and color of nearby sponges and algae, the fish was nearly invisible on the reef. It is only easily discernible here due to the selective application of artificial light. Frogfishes are ambush predators, depending upon camouflage to capture prey.
    antennarius-striatus-hairy-frogfish-...tif
  • Pictured here is a pair of Neoclinus bryope chaenopsid blennies, the larger male above, smaller female below. The male has successfully courted the female with a series of flamboyant displays. The female has just entered his burrow. She will deposit eggs inside. The male will fertilize them and then look after the eggs until they mature. The female departs as soon as spawning is complete.
    neoclinus-bryope-blennies-spawning-j...tif
  • Known as koke-ginpo in Japanese, this chaenopsid blenny is a male Neoclinus bryope. This dark coloration with the bright blue dorsal fin spot is indicative of the winter breeding season in this area, where he and other males shake, shimmy and perform to attract the attention of females. Photographed at a magnification of two times life-size.
    neoclinus-bryope-blenny-male-reprodu...tif
  • Female tufted duck (Aythya fuligula) flapping her wings after diving underwater
    tufted-duck-aythya-fuligula-female-j...tif
  • This is a male Pagurus constans hermit crab, which is typically associated with Hydrissa sodalis hydroids as shown here. The hydroids create the crustacean's characteristic spiky appearance. Photographed in Miyagi Prefecture, Japan.
    pagurus-constans-hermit-crab-japan-2...tif
  • This is a male Pagurus constans hermit crab grasping a smaller female, behavior that is typical of hermit crabs during reproductive season. This species of hermit crab is associated with Hydrissa sodalis hydroids, which cover the shells inhabited by the crustaceans and give the crustaceans their characteristic spiky appearance. Photographed in Miyagi Prefecture, Japan.
    pagurus-constans-hermit-crab-reprodu...tif
  • Red and white flowers of a baby sage (Salvia microphylla), a perennial shrub native to the mountains of Mexico and southeastern Arizona, that I found growing in Kanagawa prefecture, Japan.
    baby-sage-salvia-microphylla-japan-2...tif
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